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What is the Science of Reading?
罢丑别听聽is comprised of more than 40 years of research pinpointing the pillars of any effective literacy program: Phonemic Awareness, Phonics and Word Recognition, Fluency and Vocabulary, and Comprehension.
Phonemic Awareness
Phonemic awareness, a subset of , refers to the understanding that there are individual sounds, or phonemes, in words. For example, the spoken word "sit" has three distinct phonemes, /s/ /i/ /t/. Phonemic awareness additionally includes the ability to isolate, identify, categorize, blend, segment, add, delete, substitute, and reverse individual phonemes.
Phonics and Word Recognition
Phonics refers to the relationship between sounds (phonemes) and spellings (graphemes). Phonics instruction helps beginning readers understand the relationship between letters and sounds to recognize and decode words.
Fluency
Fluency refers to the ability to read accurately, at an appropriate pace, and with suitable expression. Fluency allows the reader to focus less on decoding, contributing to accurate, deep comprehension and greater motivation to read.聽
Vocabulary
Vocabulary comprises knowledge of words and their meanings. Vocabulary development goes beyond basic sight words and involves words that are rich in meaning, including conversational, general academic, and domain-specific words. Students build oral vocabulary through listening, which in turn helps them better comprehend text read aloud to them. Oral vocabulary also helps readers recognize and make sense of words they see in print.
Comprehension
Comprehension refers to the ability to understand what you are reading. This involves making connections to what you石榴视频黄色版檝e read and what you already know and drawing conclusions about the text.
Learn more about the research and literacy frameworks behind the Science of Reading:
What 石榴视频黄色版 Secondary Learners?
The Science of Reading is often most closely associated with foundational skills and phonics, but it is just as applicable and critical for 石榴视频黄色版 in grades 6石榴视频黄色版12. For secondary learners, rather than focusing on phonics, the Science of Reading focuses on building academic language, comprehension, digital literacy, writing, and a host of other important skills 石榴视频黄色版 need to be successful 石榴视频黄色版渃omprehenders.石榴视频黄色版
Watch a short snippet of our discussion with Dr. Tim Shanahan and Dr. Amanda Goodwin on how the Science of Reading applies in the secondary classroom. Click "Watch the full session" below to see the entire discussion.
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Find out which research-based K-5 literacy program fits your needs
Deliver impactful instruction with solutions grounded in the Science of Reading. Whether you prefer a structured or flexible curriculum, need a solution that brings 石榴视频黄色版 back up to grade-level, or want to accelerate literacy growth,聽we have something for diverse learners in every classroom.
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We've drawn upon decades of literacy research as well as our collaborative work with preeminent reading researchers and experts to inform the design, development, and ongoing efficacy testing of our literacy solutions.聽
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Fuel Your Knowledge
Take your Science of Reading knowledge to the next level with insights from our experts.
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Learn more about the Science of Reading in these articles from Literacy Experts.
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Listen to conversations with Dr. Tim Shanahan, Dr. Jan Hasbrouck, and Dr. Jana Echevarria.
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Get straight talk on the Science of Reading from Dr. Timothy Shanahan.